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中國畜牧學會會誌

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篇名 生長檢定豬與體型比賽豬之選種性狀差異分析
卷期 46增刊
並列篇名 Preferences for breeding traits in pig auction between growth performance test and body conformation contest
作者 吳明哲賴永裕顏念慈郭廷雍廖仁寶陳美如蔡秀容朱巧倩王受鎔林正祥劉桂柱張秀鑾陳培梅陳中興
頁次 151-151
關鍵字 拍賣會種豬檢定性狀AuctionBreeding pigTrai
出刊日期 201712

中文摘要

我國杜洛克(D)、藍瑞斯(L)及約克夏(Y)等國際三大豬種之拍賣會前檢測性狀,因仔豬生長所在環境而有不同。 生長檢定豬為70 日齡仔豬於新化檢定站進行生長性能及飼料效率檢定至體重110Kg 或180 日齡、並於225 日齡拍賣前有採精測試及體型評鑑。而體型比賽豬則於種豬場飼養至240~290 日齡,經臺灣區種豬產業協會 派員到場進行採精照相及精子濃度檢測,體型比賽會前一天有體重及三點背脂厚度測量,以及拍賣會前有體 型評鑑。本研究利用2000 年至2017 年9 月等拍賣成交豬隻,總計15,969 頭,包括D8,545 頭、L5,892 頭、 與Y1,532 頭,分析檢定公豬拍賣之最高成交價及拍賣年,在D 為2005 年661,500 元、L 為2005 年521,000 元、Y 為2017 年220,000 元;而體型比賽公豬拍賣之最高成交價及拍賣年,在D 為2006 年700,000 元、L 為 2006 年260,000 元、Y 為2017 年130,000 元,顯示D 及L 豬種更新需求在2005~2006 年間最迫切,而Y 豬 種更新需求在2017 年間最迫切。不分品種及性別,每頭豬皆有出生系譜、乳頭數、同胎公母仔豬頭數、親代 產仔時日齡及雌親懷孕天數、及其自身基因型資料與供選種用檢測性狀。生長檢定豬重於飼料效率,而體型 比賽豬重於體長寬高及步態。分析比較兩種拍賣豬,體型比賽豬有體重背脂兩性狀說明生長速率及肩胛部背 脂厚度優勢,但多為一胎一頭參加,不如生長檢定豬至少同胎兩頭以上送檢,以及檢定豬有六個月期間生物 安全監測計畫。因標購人群也有所不同,體型比賽豬標購人多為肉豬飼養場,體型比賽豬之拍賣成交價平均 低於生長檢定豬。例如於2016 年,在體型比賽會之期均人均購買種公豬費是57,124 元(179 人/10 期)與購買種 女豬費是36,113 元(84 人/10 期),而在檢定站之期均人均購買種公豬費是82,896 元(309 人/8 期)與購買種女豬 費是32,332 元(35 人/4 期)。期均人均購買費顯示標購人重視生長期飼料效率大於配種期精液性狀。

英文摘要

Duroc(D), Landrace(L) and Yorkshire(Y) as the major three international breeds in Taiwan, piglets had various traits for auction. Piglets at 70 days of age were tested for growth performance at Hsinhua Station and was off at 110kg (100kg for gilt) of body weight or by 180 days of age. Prior to the auction age at 225 days old, tested pigs were tested on semen collection and body conformation. Ready-to-use boars were raised at breeding farm for the semen collection test on 240~290 days of age by the Association with a photo taking. One day ahead the auction, body weight and three point of backfat thickness were taken with the body conformation contest prior to the auction. A total of 15,969 head, including of 8,545 D, 5,892 L and 1,532 Y sold during the period from 2000 to September of 2017. The highest price paid and sold year at Hsinhua Station were 661,500NT$ in D on 2005, 521,000NT$ in L on 2005, and 220,000NT$ in Y on 2017. As at Body Contest, 700,000NT$ in D on 2006, 260,000NT$ in L on 2006, and 130,000NT$ in Y on 2017. Pricing results indicated that needs of D and L breeding pigs for the replacement were in 2005~2006 but more needs for Y breeding pigs in 2017. Each pig had birth pedigree, teat number, male and female littermates, age of parents and maternal gestation length, gene markers and traits measured. Feed efficiency is the key trait in growth performance test and more littermates on test for biosecurity program at six month period. Body conformation contest had body weight with emphasis on the backfat thickness on shoulder point and locomotion but few had littermates. Due to the buyer population on the utilization of breeding pigs at the auction between Station and Contest, the price paid to each breeding pig at the Contest was lower as comparison with that at the Station. It may due to the breeding pig from the Contest was to produce hogs in majority. The mean of money spend by each buyer per auction in 2016, 57,124NT$ for boars (179 buyer in 10 auction) and 36,113NT$ for gilts (84 buyer in 10 auction) at the Contest, but 82,896NT$ for boars (309 buyer in 8 auction) and 32,332NT$ for gilts (35 buyer in 4 auction) at the Station. In summary, the mean of money spend by each buyer per auction indicated that buyer more focus on the feed efficiency of growth period than the semen traits of mating period.

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