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中國畜牧學會會誌

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篇名 生乳品質與擠乳機功能之探討
卷期 46增刊
並列篇名 The study of milk quality and the milking machine funct
作者 陳一明陳怡璇趙俊炫楊耀焜蔡銘偉劉祐廷賈玉祥
頁次 156-156
關鍵字 乳房炎擠乳機體細胞數MastitisMilking machineSomatic cell count
出刊日期 201712

中文摘要

在擠乳過程中,擠乳機各零件的老化導致不當的低壓及零件的設置異常,皆會影響擠乳機 功能,引發牛隻乳房炎或高體細胞生乳。根據研究統計,擠乳過程中因機械式造成乳房炎 的發生機率為 5-10%,實有必要維持擠乳機功能的恆定。本試驗研究目的為,探討因擠 乳機功能異常引起乳房炎與高體細胞數生乳之成因。當牧場的生乳中體細胞數增加時,檢 測人員利用儀器檢查該酪農戶擠乳機各單元功能,瞭解是否是因擠乳機功能異常造成高體 細胞數生乳或乳房炎。檢測九場酪農戶擠乳機,部分酪農戶有 2 項以上功能異常情形, 其中乳杯座破裂者佔 21.7%、小風管破洞佔 34.7%、脈動管老化佔 4.4%、低壓安全控制 閥故障佔 4.4%、幫浦馬達變頻異常佔 4.4%、低壓調節髒污或異常佔 12.9%、擠乳缸馬 達橡皮彈性疲乏佔 4.4%、脈動氣異常佔 8.6%。其中 1 戶擠乳機功能檢查正常,表示有 其他因素造成高體細胞數生乳。結果顯示擠乳機功能異常或髒污,容易導致生乳體細胞增 高,由於擠乳機會直接接觸牛隻乳頭,故必須定期維護擠乳機各零件的清潔與功能,以維 持牛隻乳房健康,提高生乳品質。

英文摘要

Incorrect vacuum, pulsator settings and teat cup liners would enhance the functions of the milking machine. Although the milking machine may only account for 5-10% of mastitis in dairy cows, the proper milking machine function must be maintained over time. The purpose of this study is to investigate the reasons of mastitis and high somatic cell count (SCC) caused by malfunction of the milking machine. When the dairy farmers found the troubles about the high SCC, they would ask for examining. We detected 9 dairy farms with high SCC and the reasons were the claw rupture (21.7%), air tube with gap (34.7%), worn vacuum tube (4.4%), abnormal vacuum valve, pump and pulsator (4.4%, 4.4%, 8.6%), dirty equipment (12.9%) and the worn rubber of tank pump (4.4%). Besides, the functions of the milking machine in a dairy farm was normal (4.4%) and there is another reason to high SCC. Results showed the faulty and unclean milking machine would lead to high SCC. Because the milking machine comes into contact with the dairy cow’s teats or milk in the claw can impact up on the teat ends, cleanliness of the machine and hygiene during the milking process are critical for successful control of SCC. We should inspect and clean the milking machine routinely to avoid the high SCC and to improve milk quality and dairy cow health.

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