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中國畜牧學會會誌
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中文摘要
本試驗目的在探討水禽羽毛原料以不同脫脂方法進行前處理後，對角蛋白萃取流程中 溶解率之影響。由屠宰場收集之臺灣白鴨毛，經初步洗淨後分為全羽、羽枝與羽軸部 分，配合不同脫脂條件：（1）未脫脂、（2）95% 乙醇、（3）1% 脂肪酶（Lipolase 100L）、 （4）0.5% 羽絨洗滌劑與（5）熱水，進行脫脂處理後再進一步以鹽酸進行酸化前處 理。所得原料經還原法進行角蛋白萃取，依照回收率計算各處理之角蛋白溶解率。脫 脂結果顯示，以 95% 酒精進行脫脂可明顯提高脫脂效果（提升 70% 脫脂率）。羽軸 角蛋白溶解率在脫脂處理後，角蛋白溶解率明顯高於未脫脂組（提升 4-7%），但羽枝 部分角蛋白溶解率在處理後低於其他種類原料。依角蛋白萃取效率，以 95% 酒精脫 脂配合鹽酸前處理有最佳的脫脂與回收效果。羽軸部分經前處理可有較高角蛋白溶解 率，但是羽枝經過脫脂處理後沒有提高角蛋白溶解率效果。
英文摘要
The aim of study was to investigate the effect of defatting on solubility of waterfowl feather keratin during extraction processes. The feathers of Taiwan white duck were collected from duck slaughterhouse. After preparatory washing, the feathers were divided into whole feathers, bards, and quills. All feather materials were treated by different defatting manipulations including: (1) non-defatting, (2) 95% alcohol, (3) 1% lipase (Lipolase 100 L), (4)0.5% detergent for down, and (5) hot water. After defatting, materials were acidified by hydrochloride for acidic pretreatment. Individual feather material keratin was extracted by reducing method, the keratin solubility was calculated by the recovery rate of different defatting treatment. The defatting result indicated that the 95% alcohol treatment increased the defatting performance significantly (increasing 70% defatting rate). The keratin solubility of quill was increased after defatting, it showed 4-7% higher than the control group. However, the keratin solubility of bard materials with defatting treatment was lower than the control group. According to the efficiency of keratin extraction, it suggested that the 95% alcohol defatting treatment with following acidification resulted in the best keratin recovery performance. The quills showed higher keratin solubility after defatting treatment, but the defatting treatment showed no effect on the keratin solubility of waterfowl feather bards.