從膀胱憩室內發生出膀胱腫瘤是一較屬罕見且預後不良的疾病。我們報告一位早期膀胱憩室內腫瘤案例。患者為70歲男性病人，因血尿而至門診部門求診。此患者依序接受理學檢查，一般常規檢查，膀胱超音波掃描攝影術，靜脈內的腎盂攝影術，以及腹部電腦斷層攝影術等多項影像學檢查。此三項影像學檢查均探測出膀胱憩室但均無惡性腫瘤之發現。此患者最後因為長期血尿而接受膀胱憩室切除術。術後病理檢查發現在憩室基部有一早期膀胱憩室內移行性上皮腫瘤。此患者於術後追蹤時發現腫瘤局部轉移之跡象。我們回顧文獻，討論不同的診斷工具和發現早期膀胱憩室內腫瘤可能性。我們由整理文獻資料發現當以影像學檢查診斷膀胱憩室內腫瘤時，多數案例已因腫瘤延期診斷而導致轉移。我們的結論認為：須以積極的內視鏡定期追蹤檢查才能得到更多早期診斷膀胱憩室內腫瘤的成效。

Bladder tumors arising from bladder diverticula is a relatively rare condition. We present the case of a 70-yr-old male patient with early-stage transitional cell carcinoma resulting from bladder diverticulum. Bladder ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography, computer-assisted tomography, and other diagnostic studies showed no evidence of malignant tumor in the diverticulum. He received diverticulectomy because of prolonged hematuria. A small transitional cell carcinoma was found at the base of the diverticulum specimen. In this report, we review and discuss the diagnostic tools and the early clinical patterns of intradiverticular tumor disease. There is great risk that the diagnosis of intradiverticular tumor will be delayed f imaging studies are the sole means of clinical examination. Aggressive endoscopic study on follow up should be performed to improve the rate of early diagnosis in patients with this malignant condition.