惡性纖維組織細胞瘤是成人最常見的軟組織肉瘤，絕大多數好發於四肢，以下肢最多見。但原發於後腹腔的惡性纖維組織細胞瘤卻屬少數，根據文獻統計約只佔惡性纖維組織細胞瘤的百分之十到二十之間。自1987至1998年回朔三軍總醫院共有52例惡性纖維組織細胞瘤病人，其中腫瘤原發於後腹腔者共有5例（3 男2 女），約佔百分之十。平均年齡65.4歲，平均追蹤22個月。其中一例於診斷時已併有肝臟及骨髓轉移，接受放射及全身性化學治療，於兩個月後死亡。另四例接受手術切除腫瘤，其中兩例於追蹤期間發現遠端轉移。並無腫瘤局部復發病例。疾病死亡病例有兩例，都發生在第一年內。後腹腔惡性纖維組織細胞瘤雖較少見，但其預後卻是差的，容易局部復發或遠處轉移。主要歸因於後腹腔原發性惡性纖維組織細胞瘤初期缺少明顯的臨床症狀，一旦發現時腫瘤大多已體積巨大或產生轉移。治療仍以外科手術廣泛切除為主，或輔以局部放射治療。化學治療則仍無定論。

Soft tissue sarcomas are rare tumors constituting less than 1% of all malignancies in adults. Only 10%-15% of such tumors are located in the retroperitoneum. Malignant fibrous histiocy-toma (MFH) accounts for about 10% of sarcomas originating from soft tissue; it often occurs on the proximal sides of the extremities, but rarely originates in the retroperitoneum. From November 1987 to December 1998, 52 cases diagnosed as malignant fibrous histiocytoma were treated at our hospital. Among these patients, only 5 cases (9.6%) were located in the retroperitoneum. The male/female ratio was 3.2. The mean age of patients was 65.4 yr (range 58 to 75). Four patients underwent surgical treatment, 1 patient was diagnosed with liver and bone marrow metastases and received radiotheraphy and chemotherapy only. The prognosis of retroperitoneal malignant fibrous histiocytoma is generally poor due to a lack of early symptoms and a high frequency of local recurrence after primary resection.