黑色素瘤是個少見的皮膚惡性腫瘤，原發性泌尿道黑色素瘤更是少見，其多發生於尿道及陰莖，而轉移性泌尿道黑色素瘤則多見於死後的解剖發現。由於臨床醫師的不熟悉和早期轉移的發生，即使根除性手術、化學療法和免疫療法施行，結果仍不能令人滿意，近年來新的免疫療法的進步給了惡性黑色素瘤新的方向和希望。本文回顧本科近年來所遇到之原發性及轉移性黑色素瘤，並對目前文獻中的治療方法做一整理。

Primary melanoma of the genitourinary tract is uncommon. Rare cases have been described in most organs of genitourinary tract. The majority of reports show that penis and urethra are frequently involved. Unfortunately, early diagnosis is not the rule and current therapeutic modalities most often fail. Secondary involvement of genitourinary tract with malignant melanoma is a common autopsy finding, but rarely evident clinically. We report three primary cases and one secondary case involving kidney and psoas muscle between 1983 and 1996. The average age of the patients was 66 years (range, 61-73 years). All the four victims were male and died due to multiple metastases. All the available managements including conservative treatment, radical surgery, chemotherapy (dacarbazine) and immunotherapy (interferon, Bacillus Calette-Guerin) were tried. But it confirms the consensus of available reports that, irrespective of what type of therapy being used, the prognosis usually is unsatisfactory. More developed immunotherapy and biological therapy as adjuvant treatment is expectant. We also briefly review the literature of current treatments.