上尿路擴張並不定表示阻塞，利尿核子醫學萬臟攝影檢查上尿路阻塞的工具之一。本篇探討利尿核子醫學臟攝影檢查及逆行性腎盂攝影檢查在診斷上尿路擴張的相關性並以此瞭解利尿核子醫學腎臟攝影檢查的準確性。68位上尿路擴張的病人曾接受利尿核子醫學腎臟攝影檢查及逆行性腎盂攝影檢查，我們皆析比較此兩項檢查的結果。68位病人中有52人利尿核子醫學腎臟攝影檢查是非阻塞性，而其中48位（92.3%）逆行性腎盂攝影檢查也是非阻塞。其餘的16位病人其利尿核子醫學腎臟攝影檢查也是阻塞。這兩項檢查的相關性達86.8%。因此利尿核子醫學腎臟攝影也能是一良好評估上尿路擴張阻塞情形（實質性或非實質性）的檢查。

Dilatation of upper urinary tract does not necessarily indicate obstruction. We evaluate the correlation between diuretic renography and retrograde pyelography in an attempt to understand the diagnostic accuracy rate of diuretic renography for obstruction. A total of 68 patients with dilatation of upper urinary tract receiving both diuretic renography and retrograde pyelography were enrolled in this retrospective study. Non-obstruction was defined as the ureter catheter could be inserted into the renal pelvis in the retrograde pyelographic examination. Of the 68 patients, 52 had non-obstruction in diuretic renography. Retrograde pyelography also showed non-obstruction in 48 of these 52 patients (92.3%). The remaining 16 of 68 patients had obstruction in the diuretic renographic study. Retrograde pyelography also showed obstruction in 11 of these 16 patients. Overall, the same interpretation (correlation) between these 2 examinations was found in 59 of 68 patients (86.8 %). In conclusion, our results suggest that there is a good correlation between diuretic renography and retrograde pyelography. Diuretic renography may be a good examination to evaluate the status of obstruction (organic or non-organic) in a dilated upper urinary tract.