患者是一位57歲女性，因左腰突然劇痛、休克至本院急診求診。患者之血壓為80/65 mmHg，血色素9.5g/dl，腹部電腦斷層攝影發現左腎有一巨大腫瘤，同時呈現低脂肪密度之腫塊，而且在腎臟周圍有血腫現象。在左腎血管肌肉脂肪瘤自發性破裂診斷下施以左腎切除術，本文特就其診斷及治療過程作一詳細討論。

A 57-year-old female came to emergency room with sudden onset of left flank pain, and in shock. The patient was an acutely-ill appearing woman with a blood pressure of 80/65 mmHg. Laboratory test showed hemoglobin of 9.5 gm/dl. An immediate computerized tomography (CT) detected a mass in the middle portion of the left kidney, with a density value like fat and with a perirenal hematoma formation. With a impression of renal angiomyolipoma of the left kidney with spontaneous rupture, a nephrectomy was performed. The differential diagnosis is discussed and the literature, reviewed.