本研究的目的在評估尿路結石與非結石病患其尿液中所存在之結晶體。在此回溯性研究中共有322位病患，包括219位結石病患及103位非結石泌尿系統疾病病患。結石之分析是採用紅外線分光儀及掃描電子顯微鏡。結果發現結石的種類有單水草酸鈣、雙水草酸鈣、碳酸磷灰石、磷酸銨鎂、雙水磷酸氫鈣及尿酸結石等。同時，我們發現在83位（37.9%）尿路結石病患及13位（12.6%）非結石病患的尿液中存在著各類結晶體，包括草酸鈣、無定形性磷酸鹽、三重磷酸鹽及尿酸結晶體等。在這83例尿路結石病患中，75例（90.4%）之尿液結晶體與尿路結石之成份相關。各種結晶體中，以草酸鈣結體最常見（44.4%）。至於尿液之酸鹼值在含尿酸結體之尿液最低，平均為5.30；而含三重磷酸鹽結晶體之尿液酸鹼值最高，平均為7.47。總之，將近五分之二的尿路結石病患其尿液中有結晶存在；而且其尿液中結晶體與其結石之種類具有高度之相關性。此外，較之非結石病患，尿路結石病患較易於尿液中發現結晶體。

The present study was conducted to evaluate urinary crystals in patients with and without urinary calculi. Three hundred and twenty-two patients were enrolled retrospectively, including 219 stone-formers and 103 cases with non-calculus genitourinary tract diseases. The stones were analyzed with infrared spectrophotometer or scanning electron microscopy. Components of the stones included whewellite, weddelite, carbonated-apatite, struvite, brushite and uric acid. Various kinds of crystals were detected from urinalysis including calcium oxalate, amorphous phosphate, triple phosphate and uric acid in 83 patients (37.9%) of the urinary calculus group and 13 patients (12.6%) of the non-calculus group. Of the 83 cases, 75 (90.4%) showed that urinary crystals corresponded to the components of the urinary calculi. Calcium oxalate was the most common crystal in the urinalysis (44.4%). Concerning the pH values from urinalysis, the urine containing uric acid crystals had the lowest pH value (mean 5.30), and the triple phosphate crystals-containing urine had the highest pH value (mean 7.47). The study showed that approximately two-fifths of the patients with urinary calculi had crystals in urine, and there was good correlation between the urinary crystals and the components of the urinary calculi. Further, urinary crystals were found more frequently in patients with urinary calculus than in those without.