腎細胞癌在臨床上以腰痛，腹部腫塊及血尿為主要症狀。因其他疾病而意外發現之腎胞癌稱之為偶發性腎細胞癌。由於腎臟靜脈攝影，超音波及電腦斷層之進步，使得近年來發性腎胞癌之診斷率有提昇之趨勢。本院自1980年至1990年共有腎細胞癌病患82例，其中屬於偶發性者21例，佔25.6%。男性與女性之比例為1.31:1。以上腸胃道系統不適為最初徵兆者佔23.8%(6/21)；上呼吸道感染者14.3%(3/21)。所有病患均接受根除性腎臟摘除術。術後分析第一期與第二期偶發性腎細胞癌分別佔38%(8/21)與33%(7/21)，非偶發性者則分別佔31%(19/61)與36%(22/61)。此結果在統計學上無顯著差異，與過去文獻報告偶發性腎細胞癌病患多屬於較早期者略有不同。根據文獻報告，偶發性腎細胞癌有較佳之預後。本篇之三年存活率有相同之結論(85%vs46%)，至於長期有活率之追蹤是否相同，尚待時間來證明。

With the increasing use of excretory urography, computerized tomography and abdominal sonography for non-urological patients, renal tumors are diagnosed as incidental findings with increasing frequency in recent years. Traditional presenting symptoms of renal cell carcinoma, such as hematuria, flank pain or mass, weight loss and especially the classic triad (hematuria, pain and mass) usually accompajnied by the advanced disease. We reported the clinical presentation and tumor stage in 21 patients with incikdental renal cell carcinoma between 1980 and 1990. The incidence of incidental renal cell carcinoma was 25.6 per cent (21/82) in our series. The male to female ratio was 1.31:1. Symptoms of incidental renal cell carcinoma was nonspecific, i.e., the symptoms of upper gastrointestinal discomfort 23.8% (6/21) or upper respiratory tract infection 14.3% (3/21). All patients had received radical nephrectomy. There was no statistical difference in the tumor staging, either symptomatic or incidental, between stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ. Lower stage of tumor in incidental renal cell carcinoma as comour series. Higher survival rate can be achieved in earlier diagnosis and treatment of incidental renal cell carcinoma.