腎嗜酸細胞瘤並不多見，自從1976年Klein和Valensi報告了13例腎嗜酸細胞瘤後，至今大約有兩百多例被報告。病人是一位60歲的退伍軍人，主訴發燒，咳嗽和最近一個月內體重減輕5公斤。腹部超音波檢查意外發現一腎腫瘤佔據右腎中下方，腫瘤中央偏外側有低迴音區和鈣化現象；電腦斷層顯示此腫瘤中央偏外側有星狀低密度區。沒有淋巴腺病變轉移現象，此與Quinn在1984年所提之腎嗜酸細胞瘤在電腦斷層上的特徵相似。病人並沒有血尿及右腰窩痛的病史，實驗室檢查除了高血糖外並無異常之處。病人胸部X光在右下肺葉上方有浸潤現象，術前無法證實是否為惡性，且由於腫瘤很大，因施行右腎切除術，開刀中發現此腫瘤僅局限於腎纖維囊內，並沒有淋巴腺及鄰近組織轉移現。病理發現此腫瘤大小為8×7×5公分，中央有瘢痕組織，顏色是桃紅色，整個腫瘤明顯地界限於右腎下半部。顯微鏡，細胞核呈小泡狀，細胞質呈嗜伊紅性顆粒狀，並沒有惡性細胞的特徵，中央是玻璃變性結締纖維。電子顯微鏡下細胞質充滿了粒腺體。病人肺葉浸潤現象，術後經支氣管鏡取樣檢查證實為肺結核與腫瘤無關；半年來以抗結核藥物及胰島素控制糖尿病，情況穩定。超音波，電腦斷層，核磁共振掃描及血管抏影對於腎嗜酸細胞瘤的診斷可顯示出中央輻射狀的瘢痕組織，雖然腎細胞癌也可能有相同的情氣形，但至少有上述特徵的話，我們應想到腎嗜酸細胞瘤的可能性。由於此腫瘤大部分是良性表現，因此它的診斷對手術方式及預後的評估均相當重要。

The renal oncocytoma is rare neoplasm. There are about 229 cases reported in the literature. A 60 year-old male suffered from fever, cough had body weight loss. No hematuria of flank pain was noted. Renal sonography incidentally revealed a large renal tumor with central relatively hypoechoic area with calcification. Computerized tomography showed a homogeneous renal tumor with central stellate hypodensity without lymphadenopathy or involvement of adjacent organs. Right nephrectomy was performted due to its large size and extending into hilar area. The pathologic findings revealed oncocytes in the histological picture. Sonography, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and angiography can reveal central scar area. Though similar appearing may be found with renal cell carcinoma, they can offer some clues to the suspicion of oncocytoma. The diagnosis of renal oncocytoma has important clinical and prognostic implications as the neoplasm typically exhibits benign biologic behaveior. (J Urol R.O.C., 1: 146-150, 1990)