本研究以資料分析的方法，分析核心素養的內涵，以及比較《十二年國民基本教育課程綱要總綱》與《中國學生發展核心素養》二者對核心素養在教育目標、教學設計與課程規劃方面所強調的重點，進而省思如何培育具有核心素養的學生與國家公民。據此，本研究從老子的道德經之治人事天，莫若嗇為切入點，做為啟發省思教育目標、教學設計、課程規劃設計、與核心素養之間的關聯性。並以核心素養從立德開始，提出從人的角度出發，以「人心、人性、人本」為依歸，以「修身、待人、處事」為處方，化識為智，作為立德之本。從確定素養導向的學生德性與核心能力範疇、培育優質師資的專業知能、教師教學設計所應具備的專業核心能力，以及支持系統與資源整合如何培育具有德能兼備的國民，論及樹人的教育過程與作為。

This study roots on document analysis and explores meaning of core competence, and then compares the difference between “12-year national basic education’s curriculum general program” and “ Students develop core competence of China”. Furthermore, the study explores educational goal, teaching design, curriculum planning, and reflects how to cultivate future students and people rooting on the above base. Therefore, this study roots on the “Book of Dao” by Lao-Tze and then reflect the relationship among core competence and educational goal, teaching design, curriculum planning. The result revels that core competence ought to start from moral and then cultivate the students to become a whole people. So we must start from person and construct the moral base through laying foundation on “ mind of people, human nature, base on people”, on “cultivating one’s moral character, being lenient with others, dealing with something”, and transforms the knowledge to wisdom. Meanwhile, this study discusses how to identity category of moral and core competence, cultivating professional ability of teaching design for future teachers, Finally, the study also discusses how to cultivate people of combining moral and competence through support system and integrating resource.