產氣性膀胱炎是一種罕見的細菌性膀胱感染，代表在於膀胱壁被產氣性的感染 （gas-production infection）造成膀胱壁組織內出現氣泡性的膀胱炎。最重要的危險因 素是糖尿病疾病，排尿困難和神經源性膀胱的病患，主要女性發生的比較多。我們報 告一位54 歲的糖尿病女性產氣性膀胱炎病例，治療有包掛靜脈注射抗生素，膀胱引 流。入院15 天治療後症狀好轉，且平安出院。

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare bacterial infection of urinary bladder wall and is characterized by the presence of gas in the bladder wall, lumen, and surrounding tissues. Diabetes mellitus, dysuria, and neurogenic bladder with voiding dysfunction are the most important risk factors associated with this infection, which predominantly occurs in females. Here we present a case of emphysematous cystitis in a 54-year-old female with diabetes mellitus. Her symptoms improved following treatment with intravenous antibiotics, drainage of urinary bladder, and control of blood sugar level; she was discharged 15 days after admission.