This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of the Chinese self from an indigenized perspective. The second section examines the author's four-part theory of the Chinese self that is composed of the individual-oriented and social-oriented self, with the latter further divided into the relationship-oriented, familistic (group)-oriented, and other-oriented self. The four Chinese selves are then theoretically compared in terms of 15 major general psychological characteristics. In the third section, empirical tests of the four-part theory in the form of 13 studies on Chinese self-process, -concept, and -evaluation are elaborated. The coexistence of an individual-oriented and a social-oriented self and their differences are generally demonstrated by the results of the research on self-process. The coexistence of the four Chinese selves is consistently shown in the results of the self-concept and self-evaluation studies. The last section discusses the general implications of all the research findings for the four-part theory of the Chinese self, the directions and topics for future research in testing the theory, and the evaluation, improvement, and expansion of the research strategies and methods to be used.