本文試圖由「相生與相剋」之角度出發，首先探討就經濟發展與環境保護兩者而言，雖然一如皮古或寇斯等經濟學者，曾力求將環境與自然資源納入市場邏輯規範，期能透過所謂「皮古稅」或「財產權制」的設計，以避免共有財悲劇並同時追求柏拉圖最適效率。然而，在更根本的「熱力學第一定律」與「比較利益法則」的限制下，除非放棄資本主義邏輯追求利潤極大化的前提，否則經濟發展與環境保護間終究是處於彼此相剋的宿命。結語中，本文以「長期」與「長遠」此一時間序列，比擬社會福利、經濟發展與環境保護的特質，從而指出在民主憲政國家中，從政者不宜僅僅一昧以拼經濟為訴求，而應兼顧各項彼此相生相剋的國家價值，與社會一起培育永續發展
的共識。

Based on the view of "proliferation or deduction by each other", in terms of the economic development and environmental protection, economists, such as Pigou or Coase, ever made effort to get environmental resource subsumed within the market logic through the design of "Pigouian tax" and the theory of "property right" in order to achieve Pareto optimality efficiency and avoided the tragedy of common property at the same time. But under more fundamental limitation of the 1st Law of Thermodyamics and Law of Comparative Advantage, except giving up the premise of maxmizing profit in capitalism, or economic development and environmental protection always lies in the conflicting situation in the end. Conclusion, the article uses a timing sequence of "long -term" and "long-range" to similize the nature of economic development and environmental protection. Thus the author indicates politicians in the country of democracy and consititution shouldn’t just get all out in economic achievement bigotedly. They have to realize that all fields of our conutry are in the logic with proliferation and deduction by each other and make effort to culture the common vision of sustainable development with our society.