歐洲各國面對全球化壓力的反應，大致可以分作擁抱派、排斥派與第三條路派，其中後者又可別為守勢與攻勢的第三條路。擁抱派源自於經濟的新自由主義，排斥派則是氏旅主義的溫床，後者本來是採取保護主義的疑歐派，但或可與前者合流為歐洲市場派的立場。歐洲聯邦派與這兩派人士的見解則有不同，他們奮進的方向在於將王見存的國際協定轉變為政治憲章。歐洲l世界大同派又與以上三種人另有不同，在他們眼界手里，歐洲聯邦也只是一個起l點，須進入開啟跨國政命IJ網絡之路，即使還不存在一個世界政府，這個政制也妥能執行某種全球的國內化政策。

Responding to the pressures of globalization， the European states can be divided into four camps， those arguing for or against globalization， and those looking for a Third Way defensively or offensively. The blanket for or against positions originate from neoliberalism and nationalism respectively but might meet in the camp of Market Europeans. Eurofederalists in comparison aim at transforming the existing international accords into a political constitution， while those adopting a cosmopolitan stance regard a federal European state as a starting point for developing a network of transnational regimes that can， even in the abscence of a world government， conduct something like a global domestic policy.