教育部為提升國民素質及國家競爭力、紓緩學生升學壓力並導引國中正常教學、照顧弱勢學生以促進教育機會均等，於2003年即積極規劃十二年基本國民教育，並預計於2011年全面實施十二年國教。本文對相關之議題與配套措施進行探討分析，內容含括十二年基本國民教育政策之實施背景、實施目標、實施原則與推動時程，並針對十二年基本國民教育所面臨之問題，例如明星高中的定位問題、學區劃分的依據與規劃、後期中等教育的入學方式與課程規劃，與最重要的經費問題等，提出分析與建議，期提供政府單位於推動十二年基本國民教育政策之參考。

The main purpose of this paper is to examine the feasibility of the Twelve Years Basic Education policy that will be carried out in 2011 by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan. As one of the major policies of educational reforms in the next decade, Twelve Years Basic Education intends to establish a diversified, autonomous, and flexible educational system that will be capable of fulfilling the functions of modern education. This paper highlights several conceivable controversial issues emerged from the implementation of the new policy including cost, social equity, and testing procedure. It is suggested that strategic and technical changes should be made to strengthen the applicability of the Twelve Years Basic Education.