台灣末期腎病的發生率與盛行率皆高於全球，造成醫療費用的過度支出，若能有效的減緩慢性腎臟疾病病程的進展，方能減少患者進入末期腎病的階段，其中，蛋白質飲食的攝取與腎功能息息相關，致使低蛋白飲食成為腎疾病患者治療方針之一。護理人員為第一線接觸病患的專業人員，如何於早期發現患者飲食問題的敏感度是相當重要的，有鑑於臨床護理人員常因缺乏對低蛋白飲食的了解，忽略了協助患者執行飲食治療成效的重要性，而未能發揮其應有的效益，因此，本文將以文獻回顧的實證方式，歸納與整合慢性腎臟病患低蛋白飲食的成效，藉由低蛋白飲食定義與臨床評估方法的介紹，最後加入護理角色的探討與實證建議，作為臨床協助病患執行低蛋白飲食控制之參考與應用。

Both the incidence and prevalence of End Stage Renal Disease in Taiwan are among the highest in the world, causing excessive medical expenditure. Effectively slowing the progression of Chronic Kidney Disease assists patients in reducing the development of ESRD.In particular,dietary proteins have been regarded as an important factor closely linked to kidney functions;thus, maintaining a low protein diet has become an influential method in treating patients with CKD. Nurses are in the first line of defense to contact patients; sensitivity in seeking to discover the patient’s diet problem is quite important.
However, the lack of adequate knowledge regarding low protein diets often reduces the efficiency of clinical nurses in the regimen treatment.
This article discusses the effects of low protein diet through the concept of evidence-based practice, and provides a reference for clinical nursing. Based on an understanding of the definition of a low protein diet, the clinical assessment and nursing role are discussed.Findings from the present study can be clinically applied, and medical staff can assist patients in maintaining a low protein diet.