漢唐之間的公主多半以湯沐邑為號，然而當時有些公主卻出現稱姓的現象。為了理解這個現象，同時探索「公主」做為一種女性政治身分的文化意義，本文針對史書及出土墓誌所記載的北魏公主稱號進行考察，發現北魏公主稱夫家姓氏的現象，是社會上流行的表述格套，其間反映儒家思想中「婦人外成」的理念。這項認識不但有助於我們辨識史料中的資訊，同時也能幫助我們評估當時婦女的社會位置。

While Princesses (Gong Zhu) in Early Medieval China were
always named after their fiefs, some of them were called by their
surnames. This periodical phenomenon is examined in this article
based on the information recorded in extant materials and unearthed epitaphs. Furthermore, the cultural implications of the appellations of Princesses in Northern Wei are discussed in the article. It appears that calling Princesses by their husbands’ surnames was a social convention which had been influenced by the concept of Confucianism in that time, which indicated that women should be seen as one component of their husbands' families rather than their natal ones. The understanding of this
phenomenon is critical to identifying key contents in the epitaphs,
and evaluating the social status of women in the period of time.