牙根齲齒為高齡長者常見之疾病，其診斷治療與預防頗為不易。牙醫師除認清病因及確實診斷外，填補治療以保守之窩洞製備保存較多齒質，以防牙齒斷裂。預防上利用氟化物及Chlorhexidine，並提醒病患注意口腔衛生清潔，並定期回診為重要。

Root caries was the major dental problem in old age patient. It causes tooth fracture. The diagnosis, treatment and preventive of root caries were reviewed in this article. Etiology of root caries was root exposure oral environment, than poor oral hygiene and xerostomia causes dental plaque accumulation. Treatment was filling the cavity with filling material but glassionomer cement for xerostomia patient was first choice. Preventive of root caries may be remove dental plaque first, than use fluoride contain oral rinse, and chlorohexidine rise for preventive initial root caries occurred is the best.