本論文試圖透過對日本近代哲學家─和辻哲郎（1889-1960）倫理學的「人間」與慈濟宗的「慈濟人間」的探討，來檢證倫理學與宗教實踐在現實界中一同實現的可能性。換言之，本論的目的在於探索以宗教的社會救濟為基礎的「人間」學問，即帶有宗教實踐的倫理學。
本論内容首先闡明和辻如何以語言學與詮釋學的方法來構築適用於當代社會的「人間」學問，也就是倫理學體系，並探討奠定其倫理學基礎的「絕對空」在和辻的詮釋下，是如何被顯現出來。接著，探究證嚴法師（1937-）對《無量義經》的現代性詮釋中所呈現的「人間」觀，並究明慈濟宗的「人間」概念與守戒、修行之間的關聯，以及其宗教實踐，也就是「大愛」。之後，藉由比較和辻倫理學中「宗教與倫理」的關係，以及慈濟宗實踐學中「宗教與戒律」的關係，指出兩種宗教倫理學的面向，也就是側重於倫理的宗教倫理學與側重於宗教的宗教倫理學。最後，試圖探索異於兩者的宗教倫理學之成立可能性。

This paper attempts to investigate if ethics and religious practice could be concurrently exercised in reality by looking into the “Ningen” concept in Watsuzi Tetsuro’s Ethics (1889-1960) and the notion of “Tzu Chi Renjian” in Tzu Chi Buddhism. In other words, from the religious perspective this paper aims to explore the wisdom of “Renjian” grounded in religious social relief, which constitutes the ethics of religious practice.
First, this paper illustrates how Watsuzi constructs the knowledge of “Ningen” (the philosopher’s system of ethics) applicable to contemporary society with the theoretical approaches of linguistics and hermeneutics. Then it examines how “Zettaiku”, which laid the foundation of Watsuzi’s ethics, is demonstrated through his interpretations. Second, this paper investigates the “Renjian” concept embodied in Master Cheng Yen’s (1937- ) modern commentaries on The Sutra of Innumerable Meanings (Wuliangyijing) and examines the correlations between Tzu Chi’s “Ningen” and the undertaking of Buddhist precepts as well as the religious practice termed “Da Ai”. Third, this paper specifies two types of manifestations of religious ethics by comparing the relationship between “religion and ethics” in Watsuzi’s Ethics with the relationship between “religion and precepts” in Tzu Chi’s Buddhist practice. This comparative study argues that while Watsuzi focuses on the ethical aspect of religious ethics, Tzu Chi concentrates on the religious aspect. Last, this paper investigates whether it is possible to develop another kind of religious ethics different from the aforementioned examples.