By studying the historical stylistic evolution of German poetry,examining the development of musical styles, and analyzing several settings of Goethe‟s “Mignon‟s Song” (Kennst du das Land), this study will probe the relationship between music and poem, to reveal the stylistic development of German Lieder, thereby providing a practical overview of the style.Several factors affected the stylistic development of German Lieder, including the changing social structure and the social function of the Lied, the rapid development of new instruments (such as –piano), the variant of audiences’ tastes, and the rise of German Nationalism.