森林之碳吸存，進而減緩地球溫暖化之功能，已被國際社會及京都議定書所認同。惟其必須在林業永續經營系統完備才可，亦即計畫性的進行植林、育林撫育、收穫、加工、利用、解體廢棄、再造林等整個流程皆永續。政府為因應低碳社會來臨，在林業提出「植樹減碳」策略，但由於林業專業人士與環保人士對於林業經營之理念存在有隔閡，使得人工林經營必要之撫育疏伐、收穫均被認為是破壞環境，林業永續經營系統無法完整。國產木材每年生產量已不及木材銷費量之1％，國內森林覆蓋率雖高達58％，但木材進口量卻高達99％，尤其來自熱帶雨林國家，今後勢必會受到國際環保界的抗議。
　　本文說明（1）目前國內專家與一般大眾對於森林機能之理解是存在有隔閡的。（2）為防止地球溫暖化，森林之永續經營是必要的。（3）今後對於森林經營之思考方向，林業主管機關林務局之角色，及承擔林業教學研究之台大實驗林之角色。（4）期待在確保林木資源與環保共存下林業之永續經營能實現。

】It is recognized that forest carbon sequestration contributes to the reduction of global warming. The forest sustainable management could play an important role to this concern. It means that our forests must be managed sustainably from plantation, thinning, harvest, wood processing, utilization, deposit, and to reforestation. To conform to regulations of low-carbon societies, our government encouraged people to plant trees. However, wood utilization is considered as environmental unfriendly as opposed by environmentalists. As a result, we self-sustain only 1% of consumed wood products in Taiwan and require importing 99% wood products from foreign nations, especially from tropic countries.
　　In this review, the following key issues were addressed: (1) the different opinion of forest functions between experts and the public; (2) the necessity of forest sustainable management against global warming; (3) the important roles of Forest bureau and the Experimental Forest NTU; and (4) the sustainable management under wood utilization and environmental preservation.