研究選用柱狀椰殼、柱狀煤質、粒狀椰殼、粒狀煤質、粉狀椰殼、粉狀煤質等六種活性碳材質，滴加含有枯草桿菌內孢子或大腸桿菌菌液，比較未添加營養物質、添加人工唾液、無菌水或人工汗液，並放入恆溫恆濕培養箱分別置放1天、2天、4天和8天之存活率，以模擬受汙染後並儲放之影響。枯草桿菌之相對存活率，與六種活性碳在不同營養源浸泡下溶出物之重金屬成分結果顯示：Si為浸泡人工汗液濃度較高之元素，故推論Si（p=0.0397<0.05）是增強枯草桿菌生長之元素。粉狀活性碳在添加人工唾液後，Sr是溶出物中較為顯著的元素，而Sr（p=0.0253<0.05）推論是抑制枯草桿菌生長之元素。柱狀活性碳在浸泡人工汗液後，柱狀煤質活性碳中溶出Mn的濃度高於柱狀椰殼活性碳，但大腸桿菌存活率相對較低，因此推論Mn（p=0.0143<0.05）為抑制大腸桿菌生長的主要元素。枯草桿菌之相對存活率與活性碳物化特性成分之統計結果顯示：水分（p=0.0156<0.05）、碘值（p=0.0467<0.05）、表面積（p=0.0467<0.05）與枯草桿菌大量繁殖有顯著相關；大腸桿菌之存活度統計結果顯示：水分（p<0.0001）、碘值（p=0.01）、表面積（p=0.0061<0.05）、pH值（p<0.0001）呈現顯著相關。統計結果也發現枯草桿菌之相對存活率與添加營養源後培養4天（p=0.019<0.05）及8天（p=0.0197<0.05）的存活狀況是呈現顯著相關的。一般未加裝良好濾材之單層活性碳口罩是用來防止氣狀污染物之用途，但很多民眾常用以過濾感染性生物氣膠，而從研究結果發現，佩戴錯誤不僅不具良好過濾效果，也可能因活性碳提供較佳的細菌存活空間，而使細菌存活，甚至因再進入（reentrainment）現象，貫穿呼吸系統而危害人體。

In this study, we used six types of activated charcoal materials, inclusive of columnar coconut shell, columnar coal, granular coconut shell, granular coal, powdery coconut shell and powdery coal,added with solution containing Bacillus subtilis spores or Escherichia Coli to compare the survival rate of the bacteria between the control group (without added nutrient) with experiment groups（added with artificial saliva, sterile water and artificial perspiration）and then all activated charcoal materials were placed in constant temperature and humidity incubators for 1 day, 2 days, 4 days and 8 days.The Bacillus subtilis loaded in the six types of activated charcoal showed obviously growth-anddecline succession under 95 % relative humidity and 25 ℃ conditions. However, Escherichia coli could not survive in the six type activated charcoals last for 24 hours, except in columnar activated charcoal under adding artificial saliva, distilled water or artificial perspiration.The relative survival rate of Bacillus subtili versus the heavy metals dissolved from six activated charcoals which we added with different nutrients showed that Si, with the highest concentration,was most likely to enhance the growth of Bacillus subtilis when charcoals were soaked in artificial perspiration (p = 0.0397 <0.05) ; When we added artificial saliva with powdery activated charcoal, Sr was a significant element in the dissolution, and Sr (p = 0.0253 <0.05) was most likely to inhibit the growth of Bacillus subtilis; When columnar activated charcoal was immersed in artificial perspiration,the concentration of Mn in columnar coal activated charcoal was higher than that in columnar coconut shell activated charcoal, but the opposite result shows in the survival rate of E. coli; therefore, Mn (p =0.0143 <0.05) was most likely to be the primary element inhibiting the growth of E. coli.Statistical results of relative survival rate of Bacillus subtilis and composition of Physicochemical properties of activated charcoal showed that water content (p = 0.0 56 <0.05), iodine value (p =0.0467 <0.05) and surface area (p = 0.0467 <0.05) were significantly related to the reproduction of Bacillus subtilis; the statistical results of surviving of E. coli showed that water content (p <0.0001),iodine value (p = 0.01), surface area (p = 0.0061 <0.05) and pH value (p <0.0001) revealed significant correlation. Statistical results of relative survival rate of Bacillus subtilis and various nutritional conditions showed, the survival status of Bacillus subtilis on the 4th day (p = 0.019 <0.05) and 8th day (p = 0.0197 <0.05) was significantly related to nutrients. Activated charcoal mask (without suitable filtration layer) is suggested to prevent gaseous pollutants, but is frequently used as a bioaerosol filter.However, the results found that wearing of the wrong mask cannot provide suitable protection. Instead,the activated charcoal may supply a better situation for bacterial survival, leading to bioaerosol reentrianment that is hazardous to the human body.