教育部自中華民國一〇二年一月一日起調整組織，增設次級機關並整併內部單位，形成一個新的組織架構。本文基於組織再造的觀點，一方面從業務內容和組織架構說明教育部的組織新貌，一方面探尋教育部組織調整後的教育發展契機，以及面臨的挑戰。在教育發展契機方面，本文聚焦於新設國民及學前教育署以及新設師資培育及藝術教育司的發展契機。前者因組織調整而得以統一事權打造十二年國民基本教育，後者因組織調整得以專責承擔深耕師資培育與藝術教育。在挑戰方面，本文從專業人力和社會信任兩方面闡論教育體制相關的內部挑戰。總結上述之討論，本文呼籲教育部善用組織調整的契機，為台灣教育開拓新的里程。

The Ministry of Education initiated its organization restructuring at the first day of 2013, and resulted in a new frame of organization. This paper, based on the concept of organization restructuring, described the new frame of organization of the Ministry of Education in terms of its tasks and units. This paper also explored opportunities and challenges for educational development in Taiwan, and strongly recommended the Ministry of Education should seriously consider the effects of organization restructuring, and established a new milestone for educational development in Taiwan.