盤尼西林過敏反應可分為立即反應(immediate reaction)、延遲反應(late reaction)、和其他反應(otherreaction)。盤尼西林皮膚試驗是用於評估使用盤尼西林後，是否會產生經由IgE抗體作用造成之立即反應。標準盤尼西林皮膚試驗需準備五種試劑［penicilloyl determinant、盤尼西林、及其他的minor determinant mixture、陽性對照試劑（組織胺）、及陰性對照試劑（食鹽水或稀釋液）］，依次以針刺(prick)及皮膚內(intradermal)之方式進行試驗。當病人病史暗示病患可能有盤尼西林過敏，而臨床上確實有使用盤尼西林的必要性時，需給予病人施行盤尼西林皮膚試驗，以評估若再次給予病人盤尼西林，是否可能產生經由IgE抗體作用造成之立即反應。施行盤尼西林皮膚試驗之前，要注意皮膚試驗之禁忌，及可能出現假陰性之情況。給予盤尼西林皮膚試驗時，一定要有能處理嚴重過敏反應(anaphylaxis)的醫師在場，並要有急救所需之藥物及醫療器材。若病人有盤尼西林過敏史且皮膚試驗無法施行、或病人皮膚試驗反應為陽性、或病人對對照試劑反應為陰性，在無藥物可取代盤尼西林的情況下，可給予病人盤尼西林減敏。

The allergic reactions occurring after the administration of penicillin can be classified to immediate reactions, later reactions, and other reactions. Penicillin skin test is used to detect IgE-mediated immediate reactions. The reagents for a standard skin test should include penicilloyl determinant, penicillin G, other minor determinant mixture, positive control agent (histamine), and negative control agent (saline or distilled water). Skin test should be done by prick method first and then by intradermal injection method if the results of prick test are negative. Skin test is the most reliable method of determining if a patient with a previous history of penicillin allergy is at risk for an IgE-mediated immediate reaction upon re-challenge when penicillin administration is indicated and no other substitutes exist. When prescribing penicillin skin test, physicians should be aware of the contraindications and circumstances with the possibility of false negative results. A capable physician should attend the whole courses with necessary medications and equipments to manage possible anaphylaxis during performing the penicillin skin test. Penicillin desensitization should be performed if no substituted antibiotics can be used when penicillin skin test can't be done in patients with a history of penicillin allergy, or patients have positive skin test, or patients don't react to the control reagents.