背景及目的：旨在探討影響全國職場哺（集）乳室設置之相關因素。方法：採橫斷性調查法，以分層抽樣郵寄732家職場之結構式問卷，最後取得主管填答之有效問卷329份。結果：（一）職場主管的教育程度、員工人數、營運概況、有無設置健康中心等變項於有無設置哺（集）乳室有顯著差異；（二）主管對是否知道職場母乳哺育政策宣導、知識及對（集）乳室設置態度等變項，於有無設置哺（集）乳室有顯著差異；（三）未設置哺（集）乳室原因：使用性或需求性不高（64.2%），其次為場地不夠或挪不出空間（38.0%）、設置地點選擇不容易（29.2%）等；（四）影響哺（集）乳室設置之關鍵因素包括：員工數、有無設置健康中心及職場設置哺（集）乳室態度。結論：政府需推廣職場婦女哺餵母乳對職場的實質回饋，以及進行相關研究以營造職場哺乳親善環境；發展單一的哺乳親善職場認證，以增加台灣哺（集）乳室設置率。

Background and purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the establishment of breastfeeding room in workplaces. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional design study. Data were collected from a structured questionnaires survey in 732 workplaces selected by stratified sampling and 329 valid questionnaires of the managers were finally collected. Results: (1)There were significant differences in education levels of managers, number of employers, company profits and the existence of health unit between establishment of breastfeeding room in workplaces. (2) There were significant differences in the manager's knowledge of government breastfeeding policies, attitudes towards breastfeeding and knowledge of breastfeeding between establishment of breastfeeding room in workplaces. (3) The main reasons of not having established breastfeeding rooms were "no significant demand of a breastfeeding room" (64.2%), and "no space for a breastfeeding room"(38.0%), and difficult to find the location (29.2%) (4)the main significant factors influencing the establishment of breastfeeding rooms in workplaces were the number of employers, the existence of health unit, and managers' perceptions of the importance of breastfeeding room. Conclusion: The government needs to emphasize the benefit of breastfeeding in workplaces, and to suggest research evidence of encouraging female employers breastfeed can reduce company cost. In addition, the government can develop the separate "breastfeeding friendly certificate" to encourage the establishment of breastfeeding room in workplaces in order to increase the rate of breastfeeding facilities in Taiwan.