人體解剖學自古以來被視為醫學知識的重要基石。過去大體解剖實驗是醫學生學習解剖知識最直接也最普遍的方法，然而隨著近年來電腦科技日新月異，放射學與數位醫學影像提供臨床醫師另一種角度來探索人體解剖構造。因此，我們提問：「以電腦科技為主之解剖學教學可否取代傳統之大體解剖實驗？」並且我們也想探究虛擬實境之教學在現今解剖教學上之功能與角色。本文回顧與分析相關文獻，嘗試能在不同的解剖學教學法上，針對醫學生學習解剖學時所面臨的困難，進而找出有效整合基礎與臨床解剖學的教學課程與内容。

Human anatomy has been regarded as the keystone of medical knowledge for centuries. Cadaver dissection is the prevailing pedagogy adopted in most medical schools for anatomy learning. However, with the rise of new computer technology, radiology and digital medical images provide an alternative perspective to approach human anatomy. Hence, “Can traditional cadaver dissection be replaced by new computer-based anatomy teaching?” must be inquired. Here, we also try to explore the role of virtual reality in anatomy teaching. This study reviews and analyzes the current literatures in terms of anatomy education worldwide. We aim to look into the challenges most medical students confront in learning anatomy, and further provide a valid teaching strategy to diminish the current gap in between basic and clinical anatomy.