在網路化和數位化浪潮的推波助瀾之下，學術傳播的模式與數位出版的發 展有許多改變，大學圖書館必須同時扮演傳統圖書館與數位圖書館的雙重角 色，並且均衡處理實體和虛擬館藏的佈局。因此，如何走出重重困境，創造圖 書館的新氣象，考驗著圖書館員的智慧。本文由學術傳播、公開取用、機構典 藏等面向對館藏發展的衝擊，探討數位時代館藏發展的新挑戰。最後提出關注 學術傳播的變遷、形塑電子館藏管理的新觀點、邁入館藏内容管理的新思維、 促進校園知識管理的整合、置身於數位化學術出版的一環、重視資訊取用系統 的便利性、培育圖書館員的新技能以及強化圖書資訊學的課程等建議，供同道 參考。

The changing nature of scholarly communication and electronic publishing greatly challenge the library collection development in an electronic age. As a result Academic libraries need to integrate printed material and virtual collection. This paper aims at tracing the influence and the forces affecting the production, dissemination, and use of scholarly and scientific information. After discussing the movement of Open Access and Institutional Repositories, the author seeks to promote innovative, creative, and affordable ways of sharing scholarly findings and tries to build common understandings of the challenges presented by electronic scholarly communication and to generate strategies for transforming the collection development.