系統性血管炎即血管受到自體免疫系統侵犯，發生炎性反應及壞死，導致所供應組織缺氧病變。從自體免疫系統攻擊全身血管組織至確診為血管炎時，往往已有不同程度的腎臟功能障礙。多重且善變的症狀與病程，不僅讓病人在承受病痛時倍感煎熬，還須面臨生命威脅的壓力，對於醫護人員更是重大的挑戰。本文以兩位血管炎續發腎臟損傷，接受腹膜透析個案的病程、症狀及困擾為例，進行相關文獻回顧，期能提供臨床照護此類病人之參考。

Systemic vasculitis is an inflammatory response characterized by vascular invasion and necrosis leading to tissue hypoxia. By the time of diagnosis, patients were often suffering from varying degrees of renal dysfunction and complications already. In addition to the multiple symptoms and unpredictable course of the disease, some patients also face lifethreatening conditions. In this article, two cases of end-stage renal disease secondary to systemic vasculitis are reported and the relevant literatures are reviewed.