流感病毒感染會帶來神經系統疾病，心臟病，低氧呼吸衰竭等併發症。由壓迫性損傷，酒精攝入或癲癇發作引起的橫紋肌溶解會導致急性腎損傷，伴有肌紅蛋白尿和血清的肌酸磷酸激酶升高。B型流感病毒感染可能引起嚴重的腎臟併發症。我們報告一個續發於B型流感病毒感染後橫紋肌溶解症的病例。

Influenza virus infection is with initial symptoms with fever, dry cough and muscle soreness. In some cases, influenza virus infection also brings complications with neurologic problems, heart diseases, hypoxemic respiratory failure, etc. Rhabdomyolysis, which precipitated by compression injury, alcohol ingestion or seizures, leads to acute kidney injury with myoglobinuria and elevated serum creatine phosphokinase level. Symptoms of rhabdomyolysis would include muscle pain, vomiting, weakness and confusion, and severe rhabdomyolysis may result in death. Influenza B virus infection may cause serious renal complication. We would demonstrate a case with rhabdomyolysis secondary to influenza B virus infection. (J Intern Med Taiwan 2017; 28: 309-312)