目標：藥物濫用者之再犯率高，但少有研究使用犯罪紀錄探討再犯相關警示因素，本研究 目的在探討年輕成人學生藥物濫用再逮捕的相關警示因素。方法：本研究為全人口世代研究。 研究起始日為第一次通報藥物濫用的日期。研究對象為102年教育部通報藥物濫用個案（年齡 18-24歲），以研究起始日後之一、二級毒品或三、四級毒品為再逮捕指標，探討與個人、家 庭背景因素之相關性。採用Cox迴歸分析，計算各因素的「危險比」，追蹤個案從研究起始日 至被警方逮捕、死亡、移民或2015年6月30日。結果：共860位藥物濫用學生中有61（7.09%） 位在研究起始日後有一、二級毒品移送紀錄；214（24.88%）位有三、四級毒品裁罰紀錄。 一、二級毒品移送高風險族群：非父母監護人、成案前有一、二級毒品刑案移送紀錄等背景因 素。三、四級毒品裁罰紀錄高風險族群：監護人非母親、中輟、學習意願低落、成案前曾有 三、四級裁罰紀錄等。結論：年輕成人藥物濫用學生再逮捕相關警示因素：曾有毒品犯案紀 錄、非父母監護人、中輟與學習意願低落。（台灣衛誌 2018；37(3)：340-350）

Objectives: Although data have discovered risk factors of illicit drug use, there was still rare study discussing this issue based on the following criminal record. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with the following illicit drug criminal record in young adult drug misuse student. Methods: This was a population-based cohort study. The index date was set as the first register date of illicit drug use from Ministry of Education. Included Students aged 18- 24 years old with a positive test result of illicit drugs between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2013. Illicit drug criminal record after index date from National Police Agency criminal system served as outcome. Cox regression model used to assess the association between factors and illicit drug criminal record by hazard-ratio. Subjects were follow-up until relapse of drug misuse, death, migration or June 30, 2015. Results: Of the 860 illicit drug use students, 61 (7.09%) with the following drug criminal record of schedule I and II drugs. There were 214 (24.88%) with the following drug criminal record of schedule III and IV drugs. Factors associated with schedule I and II drugs were main caregiver and prior drug misuse criminal record. Factors associated with schedule III and IV drugs were main caregiver, prior withdraw from school record, learning problem and prior drug misuse criminal record. Conclusions: Drug misuse recidivating for young adult students associated with prior drug misuse criminal record, non-parent caregiver, learning problem and prior withdraw from school record. (Taiwan J Public Health. 2018;37(3):340-350)