朱熹是宋代儒學的集大成者，研究領域遍佈經史子集。不過，以往學界對其數學未有專門之關注。從對朱子晚年編撰之《儀禮經傳通解》投壺篇的分析看，其數學實作與以《九章筭術》為代表的傳統算學不同，而處於儒家的算法傳統之中。與邵雍不同，朱熹嚴格區分了數與算。一方面，朱子認為數次於理與氣；另一方面，朱子雖然始終認為算是小學，但是受到知漳州推行經界法的影響，後期朱子給予其較高的評價。由此可知，儘管一貫承認數學的專業性，前期朱子傾向於把儒家與算家的兩種算法傳統都排除在儒學之外，而後期則試圖將兩者一併納入宋代儒學體系之中。因之，朱熹重新安排了數學與儒學的關係。

Zhu Xi was a great scholar for the Neo-Confucianism, and his research domain contained Confucian classics, histories, technical knowledge and literature. However, previous studies paid less attention to his mathematics. Based on the analysis on the Thrown Pot chapter of the General Explanations on the Classic Text and Commentaries on the Ceremonies and Rites, which was compiled by Zhu Xi in his old age, Zhu Xi’s mathematical practice was in the tradition of the Confucian computational culture, and its feature was different from the one in The Nine Chapters on Mathematical Procedures. Different from Shao Yong, Zhu Xi strictly distinguished numbers (shu) and computation (suan). Zhu Xi placed numbers on a basic position, which was only less important than principle (li) and qi. Although Zhu Xi always thought of mathematics as a minor study (xiao xue), influenced by the carrying out of the method for the division of boundaries (jing jie fa) in Zhangzhou, Zhu Xi highly evaluated mathematics in his old age. Therefore, although Zhu Xi respected the specialty of mathematics, he formerly tried to exclude the traditions of Confucian and mathematician computational cultures from the Neo-Confucianism, and in the old age he turned to include both computational cultures into the Neo-Confucianism. In a word, Zhu Xi reset the relationship between mathematics and Confucianism in the Song dynasty.