《中庸》天命之「天」對天人關係的探討，事實上亦屬儒學式的探討文明與社會的起源，以及人於社會中如何自處的哲學（例如慎獨）；本文將進一步考量現實需求，在西方科技撲天蓋地、在當代重視數學與科學的氛圍中，設法挪動探討古典文本的場域，嘗試以西方數學中自然數的基礎性探討——即針對「基礎項」（第一項、發生項）探究的問題意識，將其轉向對《中庸》所言天命之「天」的分析，對古典儒學與作為西方科學基礎的數學思想的對話，進行一種嘗試性之研究。

The exploration on the relationship between Man and Heaven by the idea of “Heaven” as part of the mandate of Heaven from The Doctrine of the Mean is actually a Confucian inquiry on the origins of civilization and society as well as on the way one deals with himself in the solitude, such as being vigilant in one’s solitude. This article will further contemplate realistic needs, try to reposition the field whereby classical texts are inquired in an atmosphere overwhelmed by western technologies and contemporary emphases on mathematics and science, and attempt to make a tentative investigation on the dialogue between classical Confucianism and mathematical thinking as the foundation of western science.