本研究以不同濃度的四甲基銨離子（TMA）和十六烷基三甲基銨離子（HDTMA）兩種含不同碳鏈構造的陽離子界面活性劑來對鈣蒙特石進行陽離子置換以合成有機黏土，並分別量測其氮吸/脫附曲線、XRD圖譜、FTIR圖譜及界達電位隨pH值之變化情形以分析改質前後蒙特石之表面特性及孔洞結構之變化。接著，經由量測酸性染料（AB264）在上述有機粘粒上之吸附曲線以評估有機黏土對染料之去除效果。分析結果顯示，TMA合成之有機黏土由於TMA強烈之水合作用其層間距離在改質後反而變小，而比表面積則隨著TMA濃度的增加而增加；另一方面，HDTMA合成之有機黏土由於明顯之插層效應其層間距離明顯增加，但表面積卻隨HDTMA濃度之增加而減少。吸附平衡實驗則顯示TMA合成的有機黏土由於TMA所帶之烷基過於短小而無法經由烷基間之親有機性鍵結形成雙層吸附構造以形成有效帶正電之表面以吸附陰離子染料；而以HDTMA改質之有機黏土，則呈現出相當高之吸附量且其吸附量和HDTMA之置換量成正比，其最大吸附量是未改質前的9倍，對於此，我們可以HDTMA經由其C16烷基間之親有機性鍵結而在黏土上所形成之吸附微胞及反離子效應來解釋。上述結果顯示，以具長碳鏈之HDTMA陽離子改質後的有機黏土可用於去除染料廢水之酸性染料。

　　　　　Ca-montmorillonitess were exchanged with organic cations, tetramethylammonium (TMA) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA), to study the ion-exchange effects on the pore structure, surface characteristics, and adsorption properties of montmorillonite. The revolution of both the surface area and pore structure of montmorillonite was characterized based on the classical analyses of the nitrogen adsorption isotherms as well as the XRD patterns. The change of surface characteristics was identified with FTIR patterns and zeta potential plots. The adsorption isotherms of acid dye, Acid Blue 264 (AB264), were then measured to identify the effects of the exchange process on the adsorption characteristics of montmorillonite. It was found that the exchange process might induce an increase or decrease in the surface area, pore size, and pore volume of montmorillonite, depending on the arrangement of organic cations in the interlayer and then, the organic cations size the their degree of hydration. On the other hand, the HDTMA may form a bilayer structure on the surfaces of montmorillonite, which is induced by the hydrophobic bonding by the conglomeration of large C16 alkyl groups associated with HDTMA, and cause positive change development on surfaces. It is concluded that the mechanism of retention appears to be replacement of counterion of t he surfactant by anionic dyes and the HDTMA-modified montmorillonite may be a good adsorbent for the removal acid dyes from wastewater solutions.