本論文的目的乃是從憲法和政策上的觀點，研究日本法院，尤其是最高法院，如何利用司法審查的權力以影響政府之經濟管制政策。首先，本論文介紹政府對經濟活動的管制。其次，本論文則是對被認為是基本的人權，因而受憲法保障之職業選擇自由及營業自由展開研究。第三，本論文則是分析對經濟活動的管制之司法審查。第四，本論文則檢驗在放寬管制後，法院對經濟管制政策活動之判決。

The aim of this paper is to study how Japan’s courts, particular the Supreme Court, influence on the economic regulatory policies by using the power of judicial review from the viewpoints of the constitution and policy. Firstly, this paper introduces the regulations of economic activities by the government. Secondly, it studies the constitutional guarantee of freedoms to choose an occupation and conduct business, which are regarded as basic human rights. Thirdly, it analyzes the judicial review on the regulations of economic activities. Fourthly, it examines courts’ decisions on the economic regulatory policies after the de-regulation of economic activities.