本研究目的在了解學齡前期先天性心臟病兒童與一般兒童氣質特徵之差異情形並探討兒童氣質特徵與母親教養方式之相關性。研究係採方便取樣，對象為先天性心臟病學齡前期兒童共61位及一般學齡前期兒童共76位，採郵寄問卷由母親填寫「兒童氣質量表」及「母親教養方式問卷」。結果顯示：有輕度症狀的先天性心臟病兒童母親較一般學齡前期兒童的母親容易採取保護的教養方式。心臟功能良好無症狀組之先天性心臟病兒童其活動量得分高於一般兒童。有輕度症狀之心臟病學前兒童較一般學前兒童有較高的反應強度及較強的堅持度。而其他氣質特徵在學齡前期先天性心臟病兒童及一般兒童之間的差異並未達統計學上的顯著性。本研究結果可作為先天性心臟病兒童的護理照顧及父母教養上的參考。

　　　　　The purposes of this study were: (1) to understand the differences in temperamental characteristics between preschoolers with congenital heart disease (CHD) and preschoolers generally, and 1 (2) to discuss the relationship between characteristics of children temperament and maternal rearing patterns. The research subjects based on convenience sampling were 61 preschoolers with CHD and 76 non-CHD preschoolers. The “child-ren temperament questionaire” and “maternal rearing pattern rating scale” were posed to the mothers of the subjects and were filled in by them. The results showed that mothers of children with mild heart symptoms tended to adopt more protective rearing patterns than mothers of non-CHD children. Children in the group “whole heart function without symptoms” scored higher points for activity than children in the non-CHD group. Preschoolers with mild heart symptoms had greater intensity of reaction and persistence than non-CHD preschoolers, but statistically, there were no significant differences in other temperament characteristics between preschoolers with and without CHD. These results could serve as reference for nursing care of child- ren with CHD and maternal rearing practice.