子宮頸癌體腔內近接治療的技術與趨勢， 在過去的十年有極顯著的轉變：高劑量率（ HDR ）技術正逐漸的取代過去使用近半世紀的低劑量率（ LDR ）技術。臨床的報告顯示，HDR 的結果與 LDR 相當、或比 LDR 略好，更重要的是嚴重的併發症有明顯的減少。這其中必須歸因於 HDR 射源的改進與電子機械設備的現代化， 以及 HDR 適當的分次治療。HDR 與 LDR 的隨機比較、最適當分次原則、直腸併發症的減少是 HDR 將來重要的議題。

　　　　　Over the past one decade, there was a significant reverse in clinicalattitude to the high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy for treatmentof cervical carcinoma. Cumulative data from both meta-analysis and a fewavailable randomized studies have shown that results of HDR were comparablewith, or slightly superior to, that of the existing low-dose-rate (LDR) results.The improvement of treatment results, parallel with a significant reduction ofsevere rectal complication rate (Grade 3 and 4), has been attributed mainly tothe improved physical/mechanical characteristics of HDR facility and the use ofappropriately fractionated treatment. Prospective randominzed comparison of HDRvs. LDR, optimal dose-fractionation study, and prediction/prevention of rectalcomplication are the three central issues of HDR in the future.