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勞工安全衛生研究季刊

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篇名 抑制劑對丙烯酸酯安全儲存溫度之影響
卷期 15:4
並列篇名 The Inhibitor Effect on the Safe Storage Temperature of Acrylate Esters
作者 張承明歐新榮
頁次 369-379
關鍵字 安全儲存溫度丙烯酸酯微差掃描熱卡計Safe storage temperatureAcrylate estersDifferential scanning calorimetry
出刊日期 200712

中文摘要

丙烯酸酯廣泛應用於工業上,其受熱或與氧化劑接觸時會具有自反應性危害。儲存丙烯酸酯不當時,如溫度過高,將會引發放熱性反應並可能造成嚴重事故,因此,一般在生產過程中便會添加抑制劑來降低其危害性,雖然如此,抑制劑會隨時間衰減且需在足夠的氧氣濃度下才能發揮抑制作用。本研究應用微差掃描熱卡計(differential scanning calorimetry, DSC)探討在沒有聚合起始劑及不相容物質,如氧化劑的情況下,丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸異辛酯等4種丙烯酸酯受熱所產生的自反應行為,以及抑制劑對自反應行為的影響,結果顯示於丙烯酸酯內添加對苯二酚單甲醚作為抑制劑能增加單體的熱穩定性,但不會影響丙烯酸酯受熱時自反應所釋放的反應放熱量。此外,本文並進一步將由DSC所取得的反應動力參數,配合熱爆炸理論估算丙烯酸酯於3種不同儲存容器的安全儲存溫度,其中採用聯合國所建議的自加速分解溫度作為安全儲存溫度的參考指標,結果顯示若將丙烯酸酯內的抑制劑去除,則其安全儲存溫度將低於聯合國建議應採取溫度控制措施的界限溫度(55ºC)。

英文摘要

Acrylate esters are extensively used in the industry. Upon heating or contact with oxidants, there is the risk of self-reaction. Improper storage of acrylate esters, at too high a temperature, for example, could induce the exothermal reaction and cause severe safety hazards. Inhibitors are often added to acrylate esters during the manufacturing process to inhibit self-reaction and improve their stability for industry use. Inhibitors, however, decline with time, and work only when there is sufficient oxygen. This study investigated the exothermic behavior of methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), n-butyl acrylate (BA) and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA) and the inhibitor effect on this behavior. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments were performed under heating and without any polymerization initiator or incompatible materials. The results showed that methyl ether hydroquinone is able to enhance the thermal stability of the four acrylic esters. The reaction heats released by self-reaction, however, are independent of MEHQ. The reaction kinetic parameters obtained from the DSC data were used in two thermal explosion theories to calculate the safe storage temperatures of the four acrylic esters in three different types of storage vessels. Without MEHQ, the safe storage temperatures of the four acrylic esters would be lower than the critical temperature of 55ºC above which temperature control measures are necessary, as suggested by the UN.

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