台灣與南韓在國際市場上競爭日趨激烈，技術創新能力的發展已成為兩國主要競爭重點。近年來，不論是政策制定者或是分析者均大量使用專利指標來分析技術的改變程度與方向，知名國際評比機構則以專利指標作為國家技術創新評比指標。因此，本文為比較台灣與南韓的技術創新能力表現，以專利件數、即時影響指數、優質專利指數、優質技術強度等指標來衡量兩國近20 年的美國專利趨勢、2006 年個別發明人專利所佔比例、不同技術分類的創新能力表現。擬從專利計量分析，提供學術研究者新的評比指標分析結果，並且從兩國近20年的整體趨勢與不同技術分類表現結果提供政策制定者針對台灣優勢消長擬定因應方針。結果發現：整體專利申請／核准趨勢台灣領先幅度逐年縮小，2006 年台灣個別發明人專利所佔比例仍較南韓高，台灣在電子電機類、機械類領先南韓但近年幅度縮小，南韓則在化學類、數位／通訊類領先台灣且近年拉大距離。由於生技醫藥類並非兩國過去重視發展的主要技術分類，而其他類又僅是無法依主要技術歸類之專利的表現，因此整體而言南韓的技術創新能力在近年的表現是趕上或超越台灣的，此一趨勢與南韓在平均每人GDP 近年來超越台灣相呼應。

Competitions between Taiwan and South Korea become more violent and countries have taken the development of technological innovative capacity as the major targets. In recent years some international estimate is now required patent data as country’s innovative indicators. Thus, in this article the technological innovative capacity of Taiwan and South Korea of 1987-2006 has been evaluated through US patent count, CII, EPI & ETS indicators for the purpose of observing the different patent trends, percent of individual’s patents and technological innovative capacity in technology fields. The results we found that, the lead trend of Taiwan’s whole U.S. patent count was reduce year by year. The percent of individual’s patent of Taiwan was higher than that of South Korea in 2006. In addition, Taiwan performed better innovative capacity in Electrical & Electronic and Mechanical but lead trend reducing recent years. South Korea performed better innovative capacity in Chemical and Computers & Communications technology fields and lead trend increasing recent years. Drugs & Medical and Others technology fields are not the main developing fields of these two countries, thus we can conclude that the whole technological innovative capacity of South Korea is catch up to Taiwan. These trends are similar to that the Per Capita GDP in Korea is higher than one in Taiwan after 2004.