目的：氣管內近接治療對於氣管內腫瘤阻塞或氣管旁腫瘤壓迫所造成症狀，是一有效緩解之姑息性療法。發表我們使用Ir-192之高劑量率近接治療於肺癌病人治療之經驗。材料與方法：從2000年至2006年，總共有50位局部嚴重性的肺癌患者於本科接受高劑量率之近接治療。使用治療病人的機器是Varians VS200型號，以及使用Cadplan BT為治療計劃所用之電腦軟體。由本院的胸腔內科醫生選擇適合接受近接治療的病人，並負責裝置好近接治療時所需要之氣管內管。大部分的病人在一至二週的時間內接受了二到三次的近接治療，單次劑量的範圍從300 cGy到1000 cGy。根據支氣管鏡檢查、影像學追蹤、或病人的主訴來評估治療有無緩解症狀之效益。結果：氣管內腫瘤阻塞或氣管旁腫瘤壓迫所造成症狀，在經過氣管內近接治療後，50位病人中35位(70%)獲得緩解。沒有三級或四級的的治療後併發症之紀錄。結論：氣管內近接治療對於緩解因局部嚴重性肺癌引起之阻塞性或壓迫性症狀是一種有效而安全的治療方式。

Purpose: Endobronchial brachytherapy (EBBT) is a useful modality for the palliation of symptoms caused by endobronchial tumor or compression from peribronchial tumor. We report our experience of treating lung cancer patients with Iridium-192 high-dose-rate (HDR) endobronchial brachytherapy (EBBT). Materials and Methods: From 2000 to 2006, 50 patients of advanced lung cancer received HDR-EBBT in our radiation oncology department. These patients were treated with Varians VS200 and treatment plans are based on Cadplan BT. The physicians from Medical Chest selected the patients whom are appropriate for the treatment and responsible for the insertion of endobronchial tube for EBBT. Most patients received 2 to 3 fractions of EBBT in 1-2 weeks. The dose of each fraction ranged from 300 cGy to 1000 cGy. The response of symptomatic relief was assessed with endoscope, radiography and the subjective sensation of these patients. Results: Relief of endobronchial tumor-related symptoms and external compression from peribronchial tumor was noted in 35 of 50 patients (70%) treated with EBBT. No grade III-IV complication was observed. Conclusion: HDR-EBBT is an effective and safe palliative tool in locally advanced lung cancer, with a relatively long duration of symptom palliation and a considerable improvement in the quality of life. There is also significant reduction of endobronchial obstruction.