Based on various perspectives of organization ecology, this study probes into dominant influences exercised by: “founding environment variation”; “founding environment grain”;“niche width” and “niche overlap density”, in regards to the mortality of an organization. To
answer the aforementioned, this study adopts 1,446 chemical material manufacturers (total tracking duration 46 years, from 1958 to 2004) as analytical samples, and applies the Gompertz regression model to examine the hypothesis. The results show that: (a) higher environment variation and higher environment grain raised more potential for organizational
mortality; (b) the larger niche width the manufacturers had, demonstrated more potential for organizational mortality; (c) the broader niche overlap density existed among the manufacturers, the less potential there were for organizational mortality; (d) the strategies of niche width and niche overlap density may change the degree of dominant influence,exercised by founding environment variation and environment grain, relevant to the mortality of an organization. These findings are accompanied with further interviews conducted with experts in order to understand their implications in practice.