背景:國內核能研究所巳能自製氪-81m肺通氣造影劑，本研究的主要目的即在評估此自製的氪-81m氣體能否安全且有效地應用於人體肺造影;其次，比較課-81m與另一通氣造影劑氙-133'在偵測各種肺疾病時的優劣。

方法:總共有52位受檢者(5位健康志願者，47位病患)參與本研究，每位皆在同一天內接受氪-81m通氣、氙.-133通氣及鎝-99m血清白蛋白巨聚合顆粒C9illTc-MAA)灌 注三種肺造影檢查，造影結果與臨床最終診斷對照後，再從臨床實用性、安全性、影像品質及對待種肺疾病的偵測等多方面，分析比較兩種通氣造影劑的差異。

結果:52位受試者皆安全日有效地完成肺造影。氙-133 通氣造影實施時，有7位出現短暫而輕微的副作用，氪-81m則無。整體而言，氪-81m之影像品質較氙-133為 佳。11位具肺桂塞症的病人中，有6位是單純肺桂塞症患者，氪-81m和氙-133皆偵測出其中5位，1位只有氪-81m偵測出;其餘5位是同時合併有肺桂塞及間塞件肺疾病的病人，氪-81m和氙-133皆偵測出3位，另2位只有氪-81m偵測出。36位具阻塞性肺疾病的病人中，氪-81m和在氙.-133皆偵測出其中21位， 9位氪-81m和氙-133皆未偵測 出;所剩的6位'只有氪-81m偵測出的有2位另外4位只有氙-133偵測出

結論:核研所白製的氪-81m通氣造影劑能安全且有效地應用於人體肺造影，從臨床實用性、安全性、影像品質及對肺桂塞症的偵測等多方面分析，氪-81m皆優於氙-133。

Background: The Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER) in Taiwan successfully developed a 81Rbl"'mKr generat or. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether the self-made 81mKr was safe and effective for ventilation (V) scintigraphy in humans and to compare the difference between 81mKr and 133Xe V imaging in detection of various lung disease.

Methods: Five volunteers and 47 patients were enrolled in this study. Each volunteer or patient underwent studies with 81mKr V， 133Xe V and 99mTc MAA perfusion on the same days. Images were judged and scintigraphic results were consulted with the final diagnosis. A comparative analysis of 81mKr and 133Xe images was performed for clinical utility， safety， image quality and detective value in patients with various lung diseases

Results: All volunteers and patients successfully underwent lung scans. During 133Xe V studies， 7 patients had some temporary and minimal side effects， but none of the patients had side effects during 81mKr V studies. In general， the image quality of 81mKr was better than that of 133Xe. Of the 11 patients with pulmonary embolism (PE)， six had PE alone; 81mKr and 133Xe results agreed in five patients， but 81mKr detected PE in the remaining patient. Of the remaining five patients who suffered from PE with obstructive airway disease， 81mKr and 133Xe agreed in three， but 81mKr detected PE in another two patients. Of these， 36 had obstructive airway disease; twenty-one of the 36 patients were detected by 81mKr and 133Xe， but nine were missed by both studies. Of the remaining six patients， two were detected only by 81mKr and four were detected only by 133Xe

Conclusions: Self-made 81mKr was safe and effective for V scintigraphy in humans. When 81mKr was used as a V agent to detect pulmonary embolism， it appeared superior to 133Xe.