篇名 | 以葉片揮發性成分組成鑑別酪梨單純品系間之親緣關係 |
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卷期 | 53:4 |
並列篇名 | Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Genetic Relationship Identification Using Leaf Volatile Constituents as Indicators |
作者 | 吳香霖 、 周繼中 、 鍾志明 、 陳右人 |
頁次 | 363-379 |
關鍵字 | 頂空固相微萃取 、 氣相層析質譜儀 、 化學型分類 、 headspacesolid phase microextraction 、 gas chromatographymass spectrometry 、 chemotaxonomy |
出刊日期 | 200712 |
本試驗樣品分別採自臺灣及薩爾瓦多,共22 個品種,24 個參試樣品。 臺灣之樣品取自農業試驗所嘉義分所及沈清德先生果園,薩爾瓦多之樣品取自薩國農業試驗所種源保存區。比較樣品製備方法後,選用頂空固相微萃取聯用氣相層析質譜儀配合同位素標定之內標準品,分析酪梨葉片揮發性化合物組成且進行相對性定量。自單純品系樣品之氣相層析質譜儀分析結果,挑選12 個品
系專一化合物及10 個數量級變異化合物,作為各酪梨品系之特徵指標化合物。數據分析以歐式距離計算特徵指標化合物相對校正量,取普通對數值之相似性矩陣,再以非加權配對算術平均法進行群聚分析。此數據分析結果繪製之群聚樹狀圖中,三大類酪梨單純品系樣品可明顯區分為三大群,與文獻之酪梨品系分類結果相符。以揮發性化合物組成作為親緣關係之鑑別方法,具試驗重複性與再現性、實驗操作簡單及分析快速等優點。分析資料可加入資料庫中,並與資料庫中之資料合併加入群聚分析。此分析模式未來應可用於其他物種之親緣關係檢測。
Twentyfour leaf samples in twenty two avocado pure race cultivars were collected in Taiwan and El
Salvador. Taiwan avocado leaf samples were collected from Chiayi Agricultural Experimental Station (CAES) and Shen’s orchard. Import leaf samples were supplied by Germplasm Reserves of nstitute of Agricultural Experiments in El Salvador. In comparison with headspacegas tight syringe direct injection, solvent extraction, pyrolysis, and headspacesolid phase microextraction, HSSPME was chosen for sample preparation. HSSPME GCMS utilizing EPA Method 8270 stable isotope internal standards provide a sensitive and reproducible quantitative method for analyzing avocado leaf aroma. Twelve racespecific compounds and ten magnitudevaried compounds were selected as the characteristic indicator compounds for further analysis. Chavicol and methyl eugenol, sesquiterpene I and sesquiterpene III, were racespecific compounds for Mexican and Guatemalan race. Hexanal, phenylacetaldehyde and caryophyllene isomer were racespecific compounds for West Indian race. βmyrcene, γterpinene, and nonyl aldehyde could only be found in Guatemalan and West Indian races, transanethole could only be found in Mexican and West Indian race, sesquiterpene IV could only be found in Mexican and Guatemalan race. The magnitudevaried compounds included terpenoid, aldehyde and phenylpropanoid, such as
trans2hexenal, αpinene, βpinene, limonene + eucalyptol, estragole, αcopaene, sesquiterpene II, caryophyllene, αhumulene, and sesquiterpene V. Similarity matrix of volatile constituents was calculated by Euclidean distance of base10 logarithm value of characteristic indicator compounds calibrated abundance, and dendrogram was clustered based on unweighted pair group method arithmetic average (UPGMA). Three avocado horticultural race samples were separated into three major groups on the
dendrogram of volatile constituent test results. The cluster result of test samples agreed with the classification information from literature review of three races. The total ion chromatogram of ‘Horshim’ was identified as the hybrid between Mexican and Guatemalan races. Because of the benefits of easy operation, fast analysis, good repeatability and reproducibility, volatile constituent analysis of avocado
leaves could be used as a morphological chemotaxonomy method. Calibrated abundance by internal standards of testing data of GCMS could be merged into database, and generated a new dendrogram with
the all data in the database. Experimental results proved that this is a feasible method for genetic relationship identification.