本研究進行臺灣產蘭科罈花蘭屬（Acanthephippium）植物之分類訂正，臺灣共有三種蘭科罈花蘭屬植物，其分別為延罈花蘭（Acanthephippium pictum Fukuyama），臺灣罈花蘭（A. sylhetense Lindley）及一葉罈花蘭（A. striatum Lindley）。過往的文獻錯誤報導延齡罈花蘭為臺灣罈花蘭的同物異名。延齡罈花蘭僅分佈在日本的琉球島及蘭嶼。由花朵形狀、顏色，與唇瓣結構的差異，延齡罈花蘭與臺灣罈花蘭是可以區別的。本文確定延齡罈花蘭的存在，並針對以上三種罈花蘭屬植物進行分類訂正，提供植物繪圖及在臺灣的分布圖；另報導臺灣的三種本屬植物的染色體數為2n=48。

　　Three species of Acanthephippium (Orchidaceae) are recognized from Taiwan: Acanthephippium pictum Fukuyama, A. striatum Lindley and A. sylhetense Lindley. According to previous reports, A. pictum is a synonymy of A. sylhetense, although A. picum a can be distinguished from A. sylhetense by the shape and color of the flowers, and structures of the lips. The distribution pattern of these two species are also different. A. pictum occurs only on Iriomote island, Japan and Lanyu island, Taiwan. A taxonomic treatment and line drawings of A. pictum in Taiwan are provided. A somatic chromosome counts of 2n=48 are reported for A. pictum from Lanyu island and for A/ striatum and A. sylhetense from Taiwan island.