本研究的主要目的有三項：一、瞭解國小六年級學童友誼的現況。二、探討不同性別國小六年級學童在友誼關係上的差異情形。三、探討國小六年級學童自尊、情緒調節與友誼的關係。本研究以台北縣九所國民小學六年級學童710 人為研究對象。使用的研究工具包括「友誼關係問卷」、「兒童自尊量表」、「情緒調節量表」。研究結果發現：一、國小六年級學童至少擁有一位相互提名好朋友的比例約為87 ﹪，而好朋友數量以2 至3 人為最多。二、國小六年級學童友誼品質呈「中上」程度。三、國小六年級女生之好朋友數量比男生多；而且，女生在友誼品質中的「幫助」、「安全與信任」、「陪伴」和「親密感」等面向上，均高於男生。四、國小六年級學童的自尊與友誼有三組顯著典型相關存在。五、國小六年級學童的情緒調節與友誼有二組顯著典型相關存在。

The purposes of this study were (1) to understand the current situation of friendship among sixth-grade students; (2) to explore the gender differences in friendship among sixth-grade students; (3) to examine the relationships among self-esteem, emotion regulation and friendship among sixth-grade students. The participants were 710 sixth-grade students from nine elementary schools in Taipei County. The variables of interest were measured by the Friendship Questionnaire, Self-Esteem Scale, and Emotion Regulation Scale. The main findings were as follows: (1) About 87％ of the students had at least one reciprocal friend, with the majority owning 2-3 reciprocal friends; (2) The sixth-grade students’perceptions of friendship quality were at the level of medium or upper; (3) Girls had much more best friends than boys and their friendship quality was higher than boys in most dimensions（i.e., help, security and trust, companionship and closeness）; (4) There were three significant canonical correlations between self-esteem and friendship; (5) There were two significant canonical correlations between emotion regulation and friendship. Finally, based on the findings, some suggestions for educators and future researchers were proposed.