本研究主要目的在探究幼兒氣質的類型與適應行為之間的關係。研究對象為120名3至5.5歲幼兒(男生54名，女生48名)，研究工具包括科羅拉多幼兒氣質量表(CCTI)、幼兒行為量表(PBQ)、和幼兒適應問卷(PAQ)，由幼兒母親和教師加以評定。考量幼兒園品質對於幼兒適應行為之影響，並以幼兒園環境品質量表(ECERS)作為確認幼兒園品質的工具。研究結果發現高活動力、情緒性、社交性與幼兒的攻擊、焦慮、好動行為有關；高社交性、注意廣度與幼兒的正向適應行為顯著相關；高情緒性和注意廣度與幼兒的自我堅持度、常規和整體正向適應行為有顯著負相關。

This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between temperament and children’s behavioral adjustment in early childhood programs in the United States. One hundred and two mothers of 3- to 5.5 year-old children (54 boys, 48 girls) filled out the Colorado Childhood Temperament Inventory (CCTI). The teachers of these children filled out the Preschool Behavior Questionnaire (PBQ) and the Preschool Adjustment Questionnaire (PAQ). High activity, emotionality, and sociability were found to associate with children’s aggressive, anxious, and hyperactive behaviors. The Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS) was used to evaluate the quality of the participating early childhood programs. High sociability and attention span were found to be correlated at a significant level with children’s positive adjustment to early childhood programs. High emotionality and attention span were found to be negatively correlated at a significant level to children’s ego strength, routines, and the overall PAQ score.