十二年國民教育政策的教育機會均等性，卻不一定能帶來「質」的教育機會均等，社會正義的理論基礎為何?十二年國教政策的內容能否達成社會公平正義的目標呢?
Rawls在《正義論》中明白指出，所謂社會正義，主題是社會的基本結 構，對於基本權利和義務所應該採取的方式。主張差異政治的學者Young認為:社會正義的目標是社會參與的平等，而非社會資源分配的平等對符。針對社會的不正義，N aney Fraser提出所謂“重分配一肯認的兩難概念，說明肯認 政治和自由主義的分配正義的不足。
此研究所得的建議為﹒應先有周延的公共探討;學區劃分、入學方式因應各縣市需要重新規劃，及考慮變革現行學校型態，以落實社會公平正義。

What is the theoretical of social justice? Could social fair justice in content of the Twelve-Years Public Education reach the goal?
John Rawls points out in "A theory of justice" cleary what is called social justice is that the basic structure of the society that should take as to the basic right and obligation. Scholar Young thinks politics of difference that the goal of the society justice is the equality of the participation， but not the equality of social resource. To social unjust， Nancy Fraser proposes “theredistribution-recognition dilemma， illustrating the deficiency of the politics of recognizing and liberalism.
Thesuggestion of this research is: We should have comprehensive public discussion first; all counties and cities need to plan the way to divide or enter school in the studying area again， and consider improving the current school type， in order to implement social fair and justice.