《論語﹒為政》篇第十六章「攻乎異端，斯害也已J'歷代注解不一，本研究分析歷代主要注解，初步獲得下列結論。一、在深度方面，本章共有四種解釋，而各自成理。二、在廣度方面，本章之注解所牽涉的典籍，內容逐漸擴大，從《論語》的篇章延伸到其他經、史典籍。三、以本主和學主鐘的注解作比較，理解異端的觀點有所轉變。四、從知識社會學的觀點來看，本章的各種解釋，均與傳統文化產生聯結，且可以適用某些特定對象，故各種解釋可以並行而不恃。

Chapter 16 of the “PoliticalAffairs" of ‘'TheAnalects of Confucius"，“Attacking those with different views is harmful"， has been interpreted differently throughout dynasties. This study analyzed the main connotations of different dynasties， and reached the following conclusions: 1) in terms of depth， there are four explanations to this chapter and each has its own logics; 2) in terms of breadth， the connotation of this chapter has expanded in content， from‘'The Analects of Confucius" to other ancient books; 3) comparing the connotations by literati of Song and Ching Dynasties， the perspectives on “differentviews" changed; 4) from the perspective of “knowledgesociology"， the various explanations of this chapter are connected to traditional cultures， and can be applied to different subjects. Thus， all the explanations are feasible and not countering one another.