口譯是講者、口譯人員和聽眾之間交流的動態過程，口譯的程序講起來其實很簡單，講者給予訊息，口譯人員接收訊息，之後再用另一種語言口譯給現場的觀眾聽，也就是輸入、理解和輸出的過程。只不過這一聽一說之間，牽涉到許多複雜的要素，讓此過程變得不像我們所想像的那麼簡單，也讓我們一開始所預測的簡單程序不是可以那麼簡單地得到所想要達成的結果。在此過程中聽不只光聽，還要聽得懂，懂了後還要記，記的時候，還得思考整個翻譯過程，最後還要表達，讓觀眾理解，促進交流。語言訊息在簡短的數秒至數分鐘過程中，涉及接收、解碼、記憶、編碼和表達等五個階段。口譯初學者在開始時，因為不習慣短時間中上述五階段的分神與協調工作要求和缺乏經驗，常常會手忙腳亂，不知所措，在聽的過程中，常只侷限在字母、語音、單詞、數字或每一句話，而無法掌握住較長的語篇理解能力，史無法對所聽到的內容進行分析歸納，作出通盤性判斷，造成最後譯出文與原文有所出入，或者是見樹不見林，語意無法等效傳達的結果。本文因此建議透過語篇分析，以告知性演講為例，進行語言條理特徵進行篇章分析，從語言環境、情景環境和文化語境中找出語意上一致性、邏輯性和合理性，增加口譯初學者對語言使用環境、使用規則、使用者背景及使用目的等理解，透過事前準備，減輕心理壓力，掌握與協調接收、解碼、記憶、編碼和表達等五個階段的各項任務，做好事先能準備的部分，主動聆聽，對原文資訊進行分析、確認字詞、決定字義、形成思想內容和概念、儲存訊息，讓譯出文產出更順利和更有成效。

Interpretation is a dynamic exchange process between and among speakers， interpreters， and audiences. Itseems to be a simple process including input， comprehension， and output. Speakers give information; interpreters receive information， and then use another language to convey that information to an audience. As a matter of fact， there are more complicated elements involved in the process and it is not as simple as most people think. The simple results that we expect in the beginning quickly become very complicated. While listening， interpreters have to understand and retain the message in their memory and from time to time， they need to take notes and process the original text at the same time. They also have to deliver the message and interact with the audience. Itis a five-phase process， receiving， de-coding， memorizing， re-coding， and delivery. Beginning students often limit themselves to the listening and comprehension of a single letter， sound， word， number or sentence and fail to understand longer units and analyze and derive the intended meaning from the full contents of the speech due to a lack of experience and poor coordination of the work required in each phase， resulting in fragmented or inefficient interpretation. This paper， accordingly suggests， through discourse analysis on informative speeches， to look for consistency， logic reasoning， and rationality in language environment， contextual environment， and cultural environment to improve the understanding of language use， rules， the background of users， and the pu中ose and function of language. Itis expected that with proper preparation， students of interpretation are able to process tasks in each phase and actively listen to original text， recognize the words and phrases， construct content and concepts， memorize， and generate an accurate interpretation effectively.